The Role of Lifestyle Interventions in Reducing the Burden on Non-communicable Diseases Evidence from Community-Based Programmes

Abstract

This study evaluated the effectiveness of community-based lifestyle interventions in reducing non-communicable disease (NCD) burden in Ghana. Through mixed-methods analysis of socio-demographic patterns, intervention outcomes, and healthcare system responses across regions, the research examined implementation of WHO Best Buys and national NCD policies. Data from community health centers and regional hospitals were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Findings revealed significant regional variations in NCD prevalence (19-48%) and intervention effectiveness. Urban areas showed higher intervention uptake but faced greater economic barriers. Lifestyle interventions demonstrated positive impacts on risk factors, particularly when culturally adapted and community-led. However, healthcare system capacity constraints and financing challenges affected sustained implementation. The study concluded that while community-based interventions show promise, their effectiveness varies by socioeconomic context and healthcare system capacity. Recommendations include strengthening primary healthcare infrastructure, expanding health insurance coverage for NCDs, and developing integrated intervention approaches. This research contributes to evidence-based policy making for NCD management in resource-limited settings and supports advancement of universal health coverage goals in Ghana.